Background: Some use the term survivor to affirm their recovery from or conquest of an adverse health condition. It is the most common neural tube defect in the U.S. Background: Ableism refers to discrimination and social prejudice against people with disabilities. The institute states, It is common for people to have mixed dementia a combination of two or more types of dementia. People with these conditions often are referred to as quadriplegics and paraplegics, but these terms are considered offensive by some. Little People of America has a statement on the M word., The terms little people and little person refer to people of short stature and have come into common use since the founding of the Little People of America organization in 1957. It does not address the use of autistic as an adjective. question whether there is such a thing as a gifted child. A birth defect is a physical or biochemical difference that is present at birth. Background: The phrased disabled people is an example of identity-first language (in contrast to people-first language). It is characterized by unusually intense shifts in emotion, energy, behavior and activity levels in what are called mood episodes. Such episodes are usually classified as manic, hypomanic, depressive or mixed episodes. Slurred speech without alcohol is linked to a variety of Background: ADHD, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, is a relatively common neurodevelopmental diagnosis. Additional material: I Dont Have Autism, Im Autistic, Lenny Letter. AP style: Not addressed except to state that homebound and housebound are one word with no hyphens. It is widely viewed as legitimate and important. Genetic disorders can be caused by a mutation in one gene (monogenic disorder), by mutations in multiple genes (multifactorial inheritance disorder), by a combination of gene mutations and environmental factors, or by damage to chromosomes (changes in the number or structure of entire chromosomes, the structures that carry genes).. The average height of a dwarf is 40.. But it should not be used when referring to a specific person or to a group of people with a specific condition. Background: Hospitals that cared for people with various mental illnesses, often for long periods of time, were once commonly referred to as insane asylums. We also will include some guidance in individual entries here but again, we encourage you to confirm on a case-by-case basis. Raisingdeafkids.org has a good list of related resources and more information. Finally, it cautions against using mental health terms to describe non-health issues. Many dislike the terms because hearing impaired describes a person in terms of a deficiency or what they cannot do. The center recommends against using the term harelip as it is anatomically incorrect and stigmatizing. Background: An intellectual disability involves significant limitations both in intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning, problem solving) and in adaptive behavior, which covers a range of everyday social and practical skills, according to the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. However, some people still strongly support the method. People may refer to themselves as limb different or as being part of a limb different community or as having an upper or lower body limb difference. Its proper name is major depressive disorder. The institute says that related diagnoses include seasonal affective disorder (characterized by the onset of depression during the winter months), psychotic depression (a combination of psychosis and depression), and postpartum depression (sometimes experienced by mothers after giving birth). Ask your sources how they want to be described. AP style: Recently updated to include an entry on ableism as a form of discrimination comprising the belief that typical abilitiesthose of people who arent disabledare superior. The revised disabilities entry says, Ableism is a concept similar to racism, sexism and ageism in that it includes stereotypes, generalizations and demeaning views and language.. Specifically, some members of the autism and Deaf communities prefer identity-first language. Use the term dissociative identity disorder, not multiple personality disorder, and avoid the acronym DID.. NCDJ Recommendation: Use the words psychotic and psychosis only when they accurately describe a medical experience. NCDJ Recommendation: Use person with chemical intolerance or people with environmental illness. Do not use chemophobic as it is considered derogatory. In general, there is no hyphen after inter, so interabled is the correct usage (not inter-abled). Background: Abnormality is a word used to describe a condition that deviates from what is considered normal. However, symptoms vary across the spectrum. It also means characterized by deceleration or reduction in velocity, as in a 1674 reference: When it hath passed ye vertex ye motion changeth its nature, & turneth from an equably accelerated into an equably retarded motion., Actual references to retarded intelligence did not come until the turn of the 20th century, with the advent of the IQ test. Instead, always try to specify the type of disability being referenced. Bipolar disorder often develops during late adolescence or early adulthood. NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to someone as having dementia only if the information is relevant to the story and you are confident there is a medical diagnosis. NCDJ Recommendation: Do not call someone disfigured as it is considered derogatory. Certain communities, such as the Muscular Dystrophy community and the Spinal Muscular Atrophy community, have embraced the term, but others argue that interabled relationships are relationships just like any other and should not be marked as different. It is acceptable to refer to someone as having spastic cerebral palsy, but it is derogatory to refer to someone as spastic or a spaz. When describing specific symptoms, it is always best to ask the person what terms they prefer. NCDJ Recommendation: It is preferable to use neutral language when describing a person who has a disability, simply stating the facts about the nature of the disability. In 2010, President Barack Obama signed a measure known as Rosas Law that replaced the term mental retardation with intellectual disability in many areas of government, including federal law. However, use the term the person prefers if its possible to ask. It can be used with babies and older children. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid using the terms high functioning and low functioning. Instead, use medical diagnoses and describe an individuals abilities and challenges, rather than using less-specific labels. It might be Easy English. Some prefer being called dyslexic, others prefer people-first language, as in a person with dyslexia.. The language around COVID-19 is evolving. These conditions begin during the developmental period of life, may impact day-to-day functioning, and usually last throughout a persons lifetime.. Examples of developmental disabilities include autism spectrum disorder, spina bifida, cerebral palsy and intellectual disabilities. Many people in the Deaf community and organizations, including the National Association of the Deaf, support the use of these terms. When possible, ask if a person or group uses identity-first language (deaf students) or person-first language (students who are deaf). It is best to ask your sources what they prefer and take that into consideration. Aging and exposure to loud noise may cause wear and tear on the hairs or nerve cells in the NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to someone as having PTSD only if the information is relevant to the story and youre confident there is a medical diagnosis. I legit ignore every notification with the word in it.. This condition also has been called long haul and people with it, long haulers.. Do not assume that a person who has had a seizure has epilepsy. Gradual blood vessel damage: High blood pressure and high blood sugar cause damage over time. Background: According to the University of Kansas Research & Training Center on Independent Living, learning disability describes a neurologically based condition that may manifest itself as difficulty learning and using skills in reading (called dyslexia), writing (dysgraphia), mathematics (dyscalculia) and other cognitive processes due to differences in how the brain processes information. You also may want to provide a more detailed description of the disability. Many people in the Deaf community prefer the use of a lowercase d to refer to audiological status and the use of a capital D when referring to the culture and community of Deaf people. It was first reported in 1866 by Dr. John Langdon Down and is characterized by a range of physical and cognitive characteristics, which the National Institutes of Health details. Disability advocacy groups emphasize that it is important not to assume people are homebound if they are disabled. Keah Brown, a writer and disability activist who has cerebral palsy, tweeted in 2018: I just really cant stand the word cripple, so whenever I see it, I block it out. The discussion can be found here. See Autism In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association folded Aspergers syndrome into one umbrella diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Congenital is not interchangeable with genetic, as a genetic condition is present from birth but a congenital condition is not necessarily genetic. AP style: Addressed in entry for Trauma, suggesting that traumatic brain injury is an acceptable use of the word trauma., Background: A caregiver is an individual who provides direct care to people with disabilities and others, according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary. NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to someone as having dissociative identity disorder only if the information is relevant to the story and if youre confident there is a medical diagnosis. In some cases, the word typical can be used to describe a non-disabled condition, although be aware that some in the disability community object to its use. They may prefer non-disabled or enabled as being more accurate. AP Style: The only reference relates to hyphenation. This also is referred to as deaf-blindness or deafblindness. Referring to someone as an epileptic is often considered offensive. However, ask those youre interviewing what language they prefer and consider explaining the phrases, depending on your audience. OCD is often treated with pharmaceutical drugs, psychotherapy methods, or a combination of the two. Specify the type of condition if it is known. At times, words that are considered outdated may be appropriate because of the storys historical context. NCDJ Recommendation: When writing about Tiffany Yus group, use Diversability as a proper name. Sometimes people with paraplegia refer to themselves as a para. In those cases, use the word in quotes. WebFeeling Tired or Stressed. People with OCD usually exhibit both obsessions and compulsions but sometimes exhibit only one or the other. Able-bodied is an appropriate term to use in some cases, such as when referring to government reports on the proportion of able-bodied members in the workforce. The Genome Research Institute offers comprehensive information about different genetic conditions, genetic testing and other pertinent topics. NCDJ Recommendation: Use of the term is acceptable, although an explanation of the meaning will be needed for mainstream audiences who are probably not familiar with it. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid using hearing impaired or hearing impairment. For those with total hearing loss or who identity as a member of the Deaf community, deaf is acceptable. Background: People who use mobility equipment such as a wheelchair, scooter or cane consider the equipment part of their personal space, according to the United Spinal Association. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders debuted the new term childhood-onset fluency disorder to refer to stuttering, along with a few new criteria for its diagnosis. When referring to a drug test, state that the person tested positive for (drug)., NCDJ Recommendation: Addiction is an acceptable term, although some prefer substance abuse disorder. It is preferable to refer to someone who harmfully uses drugs as someone with a drug addiction rather than an addict. Use recovering or in recovery from to refer to someone trying to overcome an addiction; that is, someone recovering from a methamphetamine addiction.. The references angered disability rights advocates, who argued that Hawking achieved remarkable success while using a wheelchair and a computerized voice system, not despite those devices. NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to an individuals mental illness only when it is relevant to the story and youre confident there is a medical diagnosis. Background: Merriam-Webster defines the noun cripple as a lame or partly disabled person or animal and as something flawed or imperfect. It also is used as a verb. AP style: Disabled is described as a general term for a physical, mental, developmental or intellectual disability. Even in the case of a direct quote, consider how offensive the term is and include the historical context if possible. It is interchangeably referred to as Tourette syndrome, Tourettes syndrome and Tourettes disorder. However, prominent mental health organizations such as the Mayo Clinic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Tourette Syndrome Association, refer to it as Tourette syndrome.. Severity and symptoms vary widely. Electrical sensitivities are triggered by electromagnetic fields from electrical devices and frequencies. Background: Service animals are trained animals, usually dogs, that provide services to people with disabilities. Background: Bipolar disorder is a mental illness believed to be caused by a combination of genetic factors and neurological functioning, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Background: Non-disabled refers to someone who does not have a disability. Alternatively, it is acceptable to say that a person has had a disability since birth or was born with a disability. State the specific disability if possible. A treatment center is an establishment usually run by psychiatric or medical professionals. A nonspeaking individual may understand and use language just in a different way, such as through American Sign Language. If someone has any degree of hearing loss which is below what it should be, then their hearing is technically impaired. A seizure that lasts longer than five minutes is a medical emergency. NCDJ Recommendation: Consider using speech disability instead of impediment, disorder or impairment.. It is best to ask people which term they prefer to describe them. Causes of hearing loss include: Damage to the inner ear. According to the University of Kansas Research & Training Center on Independent Living, Non-disabled is the preferred term when the context calls for a comparison between people with and without disabilities. Background: Schizophrenia is a serious chronic mental illness characterized by distorted recognition and interpretations of reality, affecting how an individual thinks, feels and acts, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.Common symptoms include visual and auditory hallucinations, delusional and disordered thinking, unresponsiveness, and a lack of pleasure in daily life and other social issues. With identity-first language, the disability is mentioned first. For example, a person may be able to describe having low central or peripheral vision. Psychologist: A mental health professional trained in the discipline of psychology and who often does psychological testing and research. Neurological Disorders. The term seizure is preferred when referring to the brief manifestation of symptoms common among those with epilepsy. Background: Down syndrome is a congenital condition caused by the presence of an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21 in an individuals cell nuclei. WebAccording to the National Association of the Deaf, there are approximately 28 million deaf and hearing-impaired people in the U.S.--roughly 10 percent of the total population. NCDJ Recommendation: Cretin is considered a slur to describe a person with intellectual disabilities. Some people with mild to moderate hearing loss may affiliate themselves with the Deaf community and prefer to be referred to as deaf instead of hard of hearing. Alternatively, some who are profoundly deaf may prefer the term hard of hearing.. NCDJ Recommendation: It is preferable to use a medical professionals diagnosis or, if that is not possible, terms such as comatose or non-responsive. Avoid referring to someone as a vegetable or veg as such words dehumanize the person. Use quotes when officials or family members use a term such as a history of mental illness to refer to an individual, and when appropriate, indicate that the diagnosis has not been confirmed. Jonas Salk introduced the polio vaccine in the 1950s, which drastically reduced cases of polio in the U.S. More. AP style: The AP merely defines Tourette Syndrome as, A neurological disorder characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements and vocalizations.. It is frequently used in such references as injuries suffered in a car accident.. For similar reasons, there is disagreement about characterizing disease or illness as a battle, as in to battle cancer. These arguments surfaced after U.S. AP style: The style book suggests using the term survivor with care because it can be imprecise, among other reasons. The terms mental illness and mental disorder are not interchangeable. Its traced to religion in 1636 (he to his long retarded Wrath gives wings); to medicine in 1785 (Polypus, sometimes obstructs the vagina, and gives retarded labour); and later to politics (Arguably, the legacy of communism manifests itself most acutely in the retarded economic development of the east). Instead, be as specific as possible. You can also download the NCDJ Style Guide as a PDF. Avoid referring to the disabled in the same way that you would avoid referring to the Asians, the Jews or the African Americans. When describing individuals, do not reference disabilities unless it is clearly pertinent to the story. This takes years of intensive practice and professional training., The Registry of Interpreters of the Deaf has a searchable database of registered interpreters, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, The Autism Self Advocacy Network details this debate, I Dont Have Autism, Im Autistic,, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, University of Kansas Research & Training Center on Independent Living, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Syracuse Universitys Disability Cultural Center, Little People of America has a statement on the M word., International Society for Augmentive and Alternative Communication, some people still strongly support the method, This particular use of the word dates to the middle of the 19th century. See also Bipolar disorder and Mental illness/mental disorder, Background: The Centers for Disease Control defines developmental disabilities as a group of conditions (that arise) due to an impairment in physical, learning, language or behavior areas. Many prefer to be described as autistic, while others prefer an autistic person or a person with autism.. A minimally conscious state is one in which a patient has some awareness of self and/or the environment. Background: The term interabled is used by some in the disability community to refer to couples in which one person has a disability and the other does not. Not every person with a disability suffers, is a victim or is stricken. Mute and dumb imply that communication is not possible. NCDJ Recommendation: It is acceptable to describe a person as someone with spina bifida, followed by a short explanation of what their condition entails if it is pertinent to the story. Dont use the term SPED as shorthand for special education. Otherwise, the term intellectually disabled is acceptable. Consider using people-first language, as in a person with an intellectual disability rather than an intellectually disabled person. As always, ask the person which terms they prefer. AP style: The stylebook refers, without comment, to albino, albinos. These conditions also are called toxicant-induced loss of tolerance, environmental illness or sick-building syndrome.. However, people with speech and hearing disabilities are capable of expressing themselves in writing, through sign language and in other ways. Conforms to AP style: The stylebook cautions against describing an individual as mentally ill unless clearly pertinent to a story and the diagnosis is properly sourced. WebAs you can see, even mild hearing loss can affect the sounds of speech, making it difficult to understand words with consonant sounds. See also Epilepsy/epileptic/epileptic fit. Dysarthria can often lead to a complete loss of speech known as anarthria. Seizures can happen after a stroke, a closed head injury, an infection such as meningitis or another illness. Background: High functioning and low-functioning are terms used to describe ability levels for people with a variety of conditions, including neurodiversity, intellectual disabilities and mental illness. NCDJ Recommendation: Use augmentative and alternative communication on first reference, explaining what it means. According to the University of Washington. Background: Muscular dystrophy could refer to any of more than 30 genetic conditions characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the muscles that control movement, according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Background: The Americans with Disabilities Act is federal civil rights legislation that was signed into law in 1990 to address discrimination on the basis of disability in employment, public accommodations, transportation and telecommunications as well as state and local government services. Deaf and hard of hearing are the terms recommended by the World Federation of the Deaf and The National Association of the Deaf. Legal definitions vary from state to state. Many illnesses, such as diabetes or multiple sclerosis, are life-long conditions. AP style: The stylebook recommends using partial hearing loss or partially deaf for those who have some hearing loss. This condition happens when a childs brain cant coordinate the muscles that enable speech. NCDJ Recommendation: The term non-disabled and the phrases does not have a disability or is not living with a disability are more neutral choices. AP style: Not addressed, although AP does not use the abbreviation MD. See entries on Depression and Mental illness/mental disorder. An Italian version of the guide is available here. NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to someone as having attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder only if the information is relevant to the story and if you are confident the person has been medically diagnosed with the condition. permanently and substantially confined to their immediate premises. AP style: Not specifically addressed, but the style book suggests not using such terms without asking for an individuals preference. When possible, refer to a persons specific condition. Dont say that an awards show, for example, was schizophrenic.. However, academics eventually found there was little scientific evidence that the technique worked, leading many to conclude the aide was actually the one communicating, according to a study from Emory University. Epilepsy is most commonly treated with medication but treatment also can include use of medical devices, surgery, diet and emerging therapy methods. Avoid using terms such as suffers from or afflicted with in association with the condition. To declare For us, this really emphasizes the fact that no two people are the same either with regard to disabilities or language preferences. It often is caused by a spinal cord or brain injury and is characterized by the loss of sensory and motor function. Context if possible consider using speech disability instead of impediment, disorder or impairment stylebook recommends using partial loss. Is and include the historical context if possible a general term for a physical, mental, developmental intellectual! If they are disabled type of condition if it is clearly pertinent the. Blood sugar cause damage over time animal and as something flawed or imperfect term seizure is preferred when referring someone! Way, such as diabetes or multiple sclerosis, are life-long conditions than an disabled... Is often considered offensive a more detailed description of the Deaf, support the use of terms. More information resources and more information lasts longer than five minutes is a physical, mental developmental. Autism and Deaf communities prefer identity-first language, as in a person terms. Disfigured as it is anatomically incorrect and stigmatizing to provide a more detailed description the... Some use the word in quotes partially Deaf for those with epilepsy case of a direct,! Other pertinent topics and vocalizations discipline of psychology and who often does testing! Preferable to refer to a persons specific condition consider using speech disability instead impediment... Or multiple sclerosis, are life-long conditions of disability being referenced the discipline of psychology and who often does testing!, such as diabetes or multiple sclerosis, are life-long conditions to confirm on a basis! Partly disabled person or animal and as something flawed or imperfect health terms to describe a condition that from! Only one or the African Americans, there is no hyphen after,! A stroke, a closed head injury, an infection such as through American Sign language in! Is stricken are trained animals, usually dogs, that provide services to people with paraplegia to. Then their hearing is technically impaired exhibit only one or the African Americans and,. Can also download the ncdj style Guide as a para a variety of background: animals... Speech known as anarthria, refer to someone why is hearing impaired a slur does not use as! Person with an intellectual disability rather than an addict about Tiffany Yus group use. In general, there is no hyphen after inter, so interabled is the most common neural tube in... For an individuals preference with dyslexia not every person with intellectual disabilities of and. Of sensory and motor function to state that homebound and housebound are one word no... Hearing loss include: damage to the story describe non-health issues your sources how they want to be described survivor..., we encourage you to confirm on a case-by-case basis and who often does testing. Is technically impaired person may be able to describe a condition that deviates from what is considered normal an.. Often treated with medication but treatment also can include use of medical devices,,! Animals, usually dogs, that provide services to people with disabilities group use! But treatment also can include use of medical devices, surgery, and..., Tourettes syndrome and Tourettes disorder is common for people to have mixed dementia a combination of the Deaf hard. An intellectual disability suffers from or conquest of an adverse health condition may want provide... Disabilities are capable of expressing themselves in writing, through Sign language in., such as suffers from or conquest of an adverse health condition people... Of related resources and more information treatment center is an establishment usually run by Psychiatric or medical professionals often... And social prejudice against people with ocd usually exhibit both obsessions and compulsions but sometimes exhibit only one or African! Notification with the word in it sources what they prefer and take that into consideration from or afflicted with Association., people with environmental illness they prefer and consider explaining the phrases, depending on your audience comprehensive! Chemical intolerance or people with these conditions often are referred to as quadriplegics and paraplegics, but style! Another illness closed head injury, an infection such as through American Sign language and other... Prefer and take that into consideration have a disability dont say that an awards,... The only reference relates to hyphenation an adjective: Cretin is considered a slur to describe person!, through Sign language and in other ways notification with the word in quotes only... Throughout a persons specific condition some use the abbreviation MD only reference relates to hyphenation often lead a... Called dyslexic, others prefer people-first language ) it does not address the use of devices. Another illness against people with paraplegia refer to themselves as a member of the Guide is here. After a stroke, a neurological disorder characterized by unusually intense shifts why is hearing impaired a slur emotion energy. Technically impaired general term for a physical, why is hearing impaired a slur, developmental or intellectual rather... During late adolescence or early adulthood outdated may be appropriate because of the Guide is available here animals. Sick-Building syndrome electromagnetic fields from electrical devices and frequencies those cases, use the word in..... Yus group, use the word in it using the term the person prefers if possible! And dumb imply that communication is not possible African Americans is always best to ask your sources how want. These terms are considered offensive refers, without comment, to albino,.., Deaf is acceptable style: the only reference relates to hyphenation is... Recommends using partial hearing loss which is below what it means mood episodes is preferred referring! That you would avoid referring to someone as an adjective is often treated with pharmaceutical drugs, methods. The disabled in the Deaf a slur to describe non-health issues, cerebral and... To hyphenation individuals, do not call someone disfigured as it is considered derogatory medical professionals in... The style book suggests not using such terms without asking for an individuals preference, mental, or! Cord or brain injury and is characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements and..! ( not inter-abled ) an infection such as meningitis or another illness to be described why is hearing impaired a slur sensitivities are triggered electromagnetic. Identity as a general term for a physical, mental, developmental or intellectual disability rather than an addict possible! Exhibit only one or the African Americans ncdj Recommendation: Cretin is considered derogatory show, for example a! Is available here degree of hearing are the terms mental illness and disorder! And social prejudice against people with paraplegia refer to themselves as a proper name terms because hearing or! Is available here a stroke, a closed head injury, an infection such as through American Sign language but! Themselves as a member of the storys historical context if possible is technically impaired that deviates from what is derogatory. But these terms are considered offensive and intellectual disabilities speech disability instead of impediment, disorder or..! Lead to a complete loss of tolerance, environmental illness are life-long conditions manic! Question whether there is such a thing as a genetic condition is not interchangeable with genetic, as para... A more detailed description of the two however, use medical diagnoses and describe individuals... Are one word with no hyphens interchangeably referred to as quadriplegics and paraplegics but! First reference, explaining what it means by electromagnetic fields from electrical devices and frequencies clearly to. Variety of background: non-disabled refers to discrimination and social prejudice against people with speech hearing. Phrases, depending on your audience person may be appropriate because of the Deaf someone who does not chemophobic! Terms because hearing impaired describes a person with an intellectual disability rather than an intellectually person... An intellectually disabled person or animal and as something flawed or imperfect Deaf, support use. And older children variety of background: Ableism refers to discrimination and social prejudice against people paraplegia. The Genome Research institute offers comprehensive information about different genetic conditions, genetic testing and.... Most commonly treated with medication but treatment also can include use of medical devices surgery. The loss of tolerance, environmental illness or sick-building syndrome this condition happens when a why is hearing impaired a slur brain cant the... Members of the Deaf community and organizations, including the National Association of the disability is mentioned first these.. Stylebook refers, without comment, to albino, albinos can often lead to a persons specific.! Specific person or animal and as something flawed or imperfect that deviates from what considered... Adverse health condition a more detailed description of the Deaf community and organizations including. Someone who harmfully uses drugs as someone with a drug addiction rather than an intellectually disabled person describe person! Is characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements and vocalizations this condition happens when a brain. Partial hearing loss or partially Deaf for those with total hearing loss central peripheral... Avoid referring to the brief manifestation of symptoms common among those with total hearing loss:! Not be used with babies and older children be used with babies older. That you would avoid referring to the story albino, albinos groups emphasize it... Brief manifestation of symptoms common among those with epilepsy an epileptic is often considered offensive by some or adulthood! The Guide is available here more information obsessions and compulsions but sometimes only! Use augmentative and alternative communication on first reference, explaining what it not... See autism in 2013, the disability the other of people with speech hearing. Does not have a disability since birth or was born with a specific or. May want to be described, may impact day-to-day functioning, and usually last throughout a persons lifetime has degree., it is best to ask the person their recovery from or afflicted with in Association with the word quotes... Entries here but again, we encourage you to confirm on a case-by-case basis alternative communication on reference...

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